Gasket



Dec; 25', 1934. y J. H. VICTO 1,985,473

GASKET FiledI July 18, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l' Dec. 25, 1934. J' H. V|CTQR 1,985,473

GASKET Filed July 18, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i.. i Il Il ll-xwllllllllllll BYQMM ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 25, 1934 John H. Victor, Evanston; Ill., assigner to Victor VManufacturing & Gasket Company,v Chicago, Ill., a corporationoflll'inois f 2 Application July v18,1 1932, seriaiNu. 623,044

a claims. (crass-1) This .invention relates .togaskets of the type which arey adapted for use in internal `combustion 'engines and the .like and are required to resist high temperatures .and pressure.

The primary object of the invention is to provide/a gasket of simple construction, containing few parts and adapted to be made at low cost, which willhave. the requisite strength` and rilgidityto prevent damage in handling, and which lwill be protected against deterioration .from water leakage and'will form an effective seal and resist high temperature and pressure..

Another objectof the .invention is to facilitate installationof theigasket and prevent the edges of the bolt openings from sticking on the threads of the securingbolts and becoming .damaged by yprotecting these edges in a novel manner without impairing compressibility of the gasket.

Another object is to protect the edges of the water openings in a novel mannersothat gasket material will not be washed away and without impairing compressibility of the gasket.

Anotherobject .is tok provide themetal vlayer with integral -ilanges for V securing the' gasket material'jlayerf and the metallic layer. together l"and toform these flanges ina novel manner so ythat they may be provided at sharp corners of ishort radii without cracking or breaking the metal.' 1 f, v Y,

vA selected embodiment' of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying Adrawings wherein .Fis- 1 1S Fig. y2 is a transverse sectional -view taken* sub- ,stantially on the line 2--2 on Fig.- 1;y e y Fig. 3 is a'fragmentary perspective view taken substantially on the line 3fl3 onfFig. l;v

Fig. is a vertical sectional View showing "my novel gasket arranged inposition' between a cylyinder block and cylinder head prior tofthe clamping of the head in position; Fig. 5 is a view, similar'to Fig. 4 showing the fparts after the head has .been clamped in position;- l Fig. `6 is a view s' 'lar to Fig.42 and illustratxing another form of gasket; .v 1 l I" Fig. I is a view similarlto Fig. 5 showing the form of gasket illustrated in Fig. 6 clamped in position;

Fig. 8 is an ket;- f i. 1'. 9 is a sectional detail view taken substantlally 'cnthe 1ine'9-"9 on Fig. 8;

an elevation of a cylinder'h'ead gas` elevational view of a manifold gas- Fig. 10 is a planview of la fragment of the gas-y ket -illustratedin Fig. 3;

i AFig.111 is a sectional detail viewtaken substantially on the line. 11--11 o'njFig. 10; and

. Fig.` 12 is a perspectivedetailview of a frag- 5 ment.of a metallic layer and showing the gasket material retaining prongs formed on the metallic layer. i

The primary 'objectofthe invention isto pro-.- vide a .gasket of simpleand economical construction consisting of alayer .14 Lof. gasket `material and a single metallic layer.y 15 secured together in a novel mannerto `provide required strength and rigidity and with the marginal edges of the gasket and the edges ofthe openings thereinprotected in a novel manneragainst damage in handling and from water and high temperature and pressure,y without impairing thecompressibility of the gasket' and to insure effectivesealing and long continued service. I f

The metallic layer usually constitutesthe bot.- tom of the gasket and in a cylinder'head` gasket would be applied against vthe blockiso that when occasion requires the removal ofA the 1,he adthe gasket may be .easily removed from the block without stickingandif .thegasket sticks tothe head, it can be removedufromthe head on the bench. with. a sharp..too1 andgenerally without damaging the gasket against repeated use. The 'gasket may be providedwith a top metallic laval` v 16 as shown in.lFigs. 6 and 7. The cylinder head gasket illustrated in'.Fig.1.has-cylinder portsv 17,

water openings 18::and '18", and bolt` openings '19. andthe edges Aof .the gasket about the cylinder ports f are preferablyy protected and bound by flanges 20 .unitarywith ther bottomfrnetallic layver 15 to protect'thezgasketat theseedges, against high temperature. and pressure.;y In:v the manifold gasket of Fig.:8,ithelp orts 2l.arefsimilarly protected by flanges.p20.; y.' ..40 In the manufacture of gaskets, the layer ma- :terialahasbeen punched vin the blanking opera- Ation to form the corresponding boltv and water openings of rvuniform .size and shape so that when the layers-are assembledthe g edges ofthe .45

' openings will register, but-,this `leavesizhese j edges Vunprotected andexposed, and it issanvimportant iobject of my invention to vprotect these edgesso :that .they will notbecome damaged.; A The edges of the bolt openings sometimes stick on the'threads .50

"of the studs andgthis not only hinders installa- -tion of the gasket but is liable to result in dislodgment' of some of the gasket material layer and if the gasket material at the Vedges of. the water openingsr is notv protected it.;s.rlable lto so that when the gasket is fully clamped in pesition between the block 23. andthe headrZfiy, of an internal combustion enginegthe freefedgesbf the half flanges will engage the head, as shownin Figs. 4 and 5; and when the ,gasket is provided With a top metallic layer 16; the 'free edge of" the half flanges will engage this top layerunderi` clamping pressure, as shown in Fig. '7. For this purpose the :opening inthe topl'metalliclayer 16 is made smaller than the openinglnrthe gasket material layer to forni, in efect,xan inwardly projecting annular lipl" providingpthe. edgeoi'the opening in the top layer, Fig. 6, and the free. edge of the flange. 22 ,abuts this. lip 167. In both constructions the half flanges form guidesto facili.- tate applying the gasket to the boltsona block without damaging thexedgesof the openingsinthe gasket and when the gasketis clamped in place, the flanges. form a complete. protectionI 'for the edges ,of the gasket material.' at the-water openings to prevent the flow of water from washing the gasket .material away..-The flange "22 extends through Ythe opening in an amount inversely proportionate to the degree of-compressibility vof the gasket material, the more compressiblethe. material the shorter the. anges'. Most gasknts are usually vcompressed. about twenty-ve percent and in such gaskets the ilangeextends through the opening. for about three-fourthsof` the thickness ofrthe gasket. 1:

Wherever a gasketidesignhas included Sharp corners of short radii, it Vhasbeen'found difficult to provide flanges on .the metallicy layer without cracking or breaking the metal and various expedients have-beenresorted to.- in efforts to 4overcome thisdifnculty. but these eorts have usually involved additional parts and operation and have added tothe cost ofprodu'ction.- I have solved this problem without adding parts. or operatims and without increasing the `'cost of `production by what Iterm Semi-Hanging. AThesharp vcorfners `may appear in the ,marginal .edse'sfoifthe gasket, in irregularly shapedw'ater-openings, and in some bolt openings, and the eckes. adjacent said sharpy corners are usually leither vstraight or on a sweeping'curve.` 'The metal of' the layer l5 may be bent toform affl'angegalong the straight or substantially straight on? sweeplngly.. curved edges without cracking or breallfringandy it `may be drawnto` a limited extent at sharp 4corners without cracking orbreaking the metal but ex.- perience shows this cannotbe--done in commercial production to provide: a* complete flange .at the sharpcorners. Therefore I provide the. gasket with flanges 31"wher`e thiscansafely be vdone without cracking or breaking the metalA anda/t sharpcorners IY-provlde l.half.angesz which" do not cracker break the'` metal and answer the purpose, under* service" ccindi'tions,A of v'full flanges for many purposes. "At straight. edges or substantially straight 'edges or sweepingly .curved ledges the flange on'tliey metallic layer `overlaps the gas'ket--materialelayer and securesV the layers Preferably the halfY together, but at sharp corners the flange is up'- standing in the form of a half flange, as previously described. The flanges 31 and half flanges 32 are unitary and will contribute suflicient strength to give the gasket desired rigidity and they protect the edges of the gasket material layer in handling and in service. When a semiflanged gasket is 4clamped inplaoebotpveen the block'I and. head Qflan .Iori example, the half flanges 32 thereof will enclose and protect vthe edges of the gasket material, as previously described.

' When a head is removed from the block of an internal combustion engine, the gasket will usually?v come away with the head because the layer of )gasket material will stick to the head and it is Adesirable that provision be made to enable the J'gasket' to be removed from the head Without so the gasket material layer that it cannot be used again. The gasket material is particularly liable to.' stick to the headwhe're there are large areas of gasket material4 between securing flanges and to secure the gasket material layer and to prevent the gasketl material laylerfrom peeling off `or otherwise becoming damaged inlremoving the gasket from the lhead'to which it has stuck, I provide prongs 33 and. 34 on the. metallic layer which are embedded inthegasket material. The prongs 33 and 134 are formed: making parallelslits. in themetallic layer-andthe' ma.- terial; between thev slits is divided substantially medially of its extent. .The Vmetal;-fbetween'the slits and on each side of this division is. -bentuplwardly and forms .the prongsafandfthese vprongs are inclined in :a direction away from each other and are substantially .concavo-convexfincrosssection which reenforces them and prevents: collapsing when thegasketmaterialis applied to the metalv layer. The prongs extendathrough 'the gasket material substantially to the side. thereof opposite that engaging the -metallic layer and the anchoring effect. of theseprongs. prevents peeling or :otherdamageto the gasket .material uponremoval of. the gasket from the-head'. .f

.The invention4v not limited toy theI particular gaskets showny and'fdescribedmnd I reserve ,the right to embody it in other 'gaskets with such .changes in form, construction, andarrangements of parts, as may be necessary to adapt it for different conditions, within the spirit and scope lof the following claims: e,

Iclaim: In adevice. whichhastwupped clamping members provided with registering ports .and

openings, and.means fonsecuringthe members s together, ther combination therewith. of a ,gasket vinterposed between, clamping -f members yand having a port andan opening .registering 'with the ports, f and .openings .in mernbers' vsaid gasket comprising a layer of compressicle 'gasket material, a -l metallic .layer fonone -wsideioff said gasket material layenfailange, binding'fthe edge of the port and adapted to be Aclamped by said members to provide a tightQsealat the port, l'and an integral upstanding' flangeon' 'said metallic .f

layer extending into saidopening, the free edge "of said upstanding a'nge'being opposedto one of said clamping membersand terminating below the face of one of said members' to permit the gasket materialv layer---to.V freely compress about the opening and localize the sealing effect-at the 'port,`said upstandingx flange. free compression of the gasket material about .the yopening the free-aedgeof theI upstanding flange engages. thef. Glamllillgl member., opposed thereto and forming a protection for the edge of the gasket material about said opening.

2. In a gasket having an opening therein, a layer of gasket material having a predetermined degree of compressibility, a metallic layer on one side of said layer of gasket material and having a lip projecting beyond the edge of the gasket material about said opening, another metallic layer on the side of the gasket material layer opposite to the rst metallic layer, and a flange on said other metallic layer and extending through said opening in an amount inversely proportionate to the degree of compressibility of said gasket material whereby the free edge of said ange will abut said lip when the gasket is compressed in use and forming a protection for the edge of the gasket material about said opening.

3. A gasket including an edge having a sharp bend of short radius and comprising a layer of gasket material and a metallic layer on one side of said gasket material layer, a ilange on said metallic layer, parts of the ange adjacent said sharp bend being overlapped on the side of the gasket opposite to said metallic layer and that part of the flange at said sharp bend being foreshortened to avoid cracking or breaking the metal, said foreshortened part of the flange projecting from the metallic layer alongside the gasket material layer at said sharp bend and part way to said opposite side of the gasket to substantially enclose the edge of the gasket material at said sharp bend under compression of the gasket in 15 actual use.

JOHN H. VICTOR. 

